Exception Messages and Codes

The Exception constructor accepts a message string, a numeric code, and a previous exception for chaining. These help with logging and error identification.

Example

<?php
try {
    throw new RuntimeException("Database connection failed", 503);
} catch (RuntimeException $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();   // "Database connection failed"
    echo $e->getCode();      // 503
    echo $e->getFile();      // Path to the file
    echo $e->getLine();      // Line number
    echo $e->getTraceAsString(); // Stack trace

    // For API responses
    http_response_code($e->getCode());
    echo json_encode(["error" => $e->getMessage()]);
}

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Pro Tip

Use HTTP status codes as exception codes for API exceptions — makes it easy to map exceptions to HTTP responses.

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